前苏联专利SU1289391A3 Device for controlling automatic change of tool on vertical machining centre

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专利摘要:
Automatic tool changers for machine tools having spindle mechanisms which can be driven selectively in opposite directions along the spindle have previously relied on sensing switches to detect spindle mechanism position and to control a spindle mechanism drive. The use of sensing switches has caused problems in attaining smooth control and in reliability. …<??>This invention uses a position signal generator (31) arranged to provide position signals whenever a rotary spindle mechanism drive (8, 9) rotates, and an arrangement for computing the position of the spindle mechanism (7) on the basis of the position signals and for varying the speed of the spindle mechanism in dependence upon the computed position. No sensing switches need be used. …<??>This invention can be used in an automatic tool changer for a vertical machining center.
公开号:SU1289391A3
申请号:SU792832008
申请日:1979-10-12
公开日:1987-02-07
发明作者:Симадзири Токидзи；Тойода Кенити；Ямазаки Такахуми
申请人:Фудзицу Фанук Лимитед (Фирма)；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

one .
The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used to control the tool changer mechanism of a machining center that performs machining operations automatically.
The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of positioning of the turret,
The goal is achieved by eliminating the limit switches used to issue commands when positioning the turret.
Fig, 1 shows the machining center, a general view; in fig. 2 - spindle assembly with a turret and actuators, general view; FIG. 3 shows the spindle assembly at the moment when the exit from the zero position starts, side view; FIG. 4 is a top view of the turret in FIG. 3; 4g, 5 - spindle assembly in the machining position, side view; FIG. 6, a turret head 4ig, 5, top view; Fig. 7 shows the spindle assembly at the beginning of the exit from the zero position, side view; FIG. 8 shows the revolving head of FIG. 7, top view; in fig. 9 - spindle assembly during rotation of the turret, side view; in fig. 10 shows the turret of FIG. 9, top view; in fig. 11 shows the spindle assembly during lateral rotation of the turret; FIG. 12 shows the turret of FIG. 11, top view; Fig. 14 is a diagram of operational sequences of the spindle mechanism,
I
Device Designed to control a machining center consisting of a control cabinet 1, on the front surface of which a control panel 2 and a tape reader 3 are mounted, and a mechanical part consisting of a table 4 on which the workpiece is placed, a table 5 drive mechanism 4 main stand 6 mounted on the base and having a spindle mechanism 7 moving from vertically, the engine 8 vertical movement mounted on the upper end of the main stand 6 and designed to move
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spindle mechanism 7 in the direction of the Z axis using a screw 9, a limiting element 10 fixedly mounted on a stand 6, tools 5 attached to a rotating revolving head 12 mounted on the lower end of the mechanism 7, the head 12 can freely rise and lower along the groove of the slide
O 13, mounted on the mechanism 7, while the head is constantly raised up by the tension spring 14. In the spindle mechanism 7, the spindle 15 rotates, at the end of which the cone -16 is installed. At the upper end of the mechanism 7, a limiter 17 is installed. A motor 18 is used to rotate the spindle 15, a rotary head 12 is used to rotate
20, a rod 19 containing universal joints 20 and 21, wherein the counterweight mechanism is replaced by a spring 14.
With the rotation of the screw 9 mechanism 7
5 starts moving down. The head 12 remains stationary, since it is compressed by the spring 14, since the protrusion 22 at the end of the axis 23 of the head 12 remains in contact with the restrictor of the element 10. When the mechanism 7 is subsequently moved, the limiter 17 abuts against the stop 24, mounted on the rod 19, and pushes the last down. The end of the rod 19,
35 connected to the toothed plate 25 through the universal joint 20, pushes the toothed plate 25 and rotates it idly, whereby the dog 26, the exit from the tooth 27, is guided
40 to the next tooth. When the spindle mechanism 7 is lowered, the cone 16 engages with the tool holder 11, In this position, the actuator 8 is turned off,
45 At the beginning of processing, the engines 8 and 18 are turned on, while the head 12. lowers together with the mechanism 7, the tool 1 G reaches the workpiece 28 and is held
50 processing of the latter. In this case, the position between the pawl 26 and the tooth 27 is shown in FIG. 5.
After the machining is completed, the engines 8 and 18 are reversed and the mechanism 7, lifting, stretches the spring 14 and lifts the turret 12 with the tool 11. When lifting is completed, the engine 18 turns off 3
c, e, mechanism 7 rises. When the protrusion 22 at the upper end of the slide 13 abuts against the restriction element 10, the head 12 cannot rise and becomes in a position where the rise of the mechanism 7 is temporarily restricted (Figs. 7 and 8). In order to change the tool in this position, the motor 8 rotates and the mechanism 7 starts to lift up. In this case, the limiter 17 abuts against the stop 29 at the end of the rod 19 (FIGS. 9 and 10) and allows the limiter 17 to start lifting the stop 29 up, due to the boom 19 is raised (Fig. 11). This causes the toothed plate 25 to rotate in the R direction by moving the boom 19 upward (Fig. 12),
At this time, the pawl 26 rotates the head 12 in the direction of R so that the head 12 sets the tool 11 to a position below the cone 16. When this position is executed, the engine is turned off and the device is reset to its original position
In order to control the speed of the engine 8, when performing all the described operations, FIG. 13 shows the control circuit of the engine 8,
The circuit contains a digital control unit 30, a frequency divider 31, an arithmetic remainder detection unit 32, a zero detection unit 33 and a speed switch signal unit 34 producing an analog signal corresponding to the absolute value of the rotational speed of the engine 8, a rotation direction control unit 35 which is in accordance with the control signal from block 30 gives direction to the signal allocated by block 34 of the speed switch signal. The output of block 35 is connected via an adder 36 to the output of an error amplifier Y7, the output of which is connected to the input of a block 38 of speed control, supplying signals to the motor 8, the tachogenerator 39 is connected to the motor 8 and the adder 36, the generator 40 is installed on the lead screw 9 and outputs a signal in the form of a single pulse for one revolution of the screw 9,
The zero-position pulse generator 41 generates a logical signal 1 when the head 12 is located at the boundary of the changer portion of the instrument 893914
processing area. The circuit contains a pulse edge detection unit 42 for equipping the passage of a zero position pulse, the multivibrator 43 is awaited, the circuit
OR 44, a circuit. And 45 and a pulse generator unit 46 for generating a single pulse when the OFF terminal of the unit 34 switches from logic 1 to O,
The scheme works as follows.
The position in which the protrusion 22 on the cylinder 12 abuts against the restriction element 10 is original. The relocation area above the initial one is the tool change area, and below the machining area,
20 When replacing the tool, the head 12 rotates and a terminal value of 100 appears on the terminal a of block 30 and is fed to a frequency divider 31 when a digit setting signal appears.
25 at terminal b of block 30, the forward control signal from the terminal from block 30 is fed to the control unit 35 of the direction of rotation, after which, at terminal d of block 30,
30 signal, including a speed changer, which produces a speed signal, for example, 4.2 m / min. This signal passes through block 35 and is converted into a forward spin signal.
35 in accordance with the control signal from the terminal from block 30 and then supplied to the adder 36. The signal is then processed at the error amplifier 37 by the speed control unit, which supplies a signal to the motor 8, which rotates the screw 9 at a predetermined speed. When podmeMe mechanism the output signal of the generator 41 pulses zero position changes from 1 to
45 O, This is fixed by the pulse front detection unit 42, generating a signal in accordance with it. This signal changes the state of the standby multivibrator 43 to reverse, t, e, the output signal changes from O to 1, Terminal e of block 30 sends a signal 1 simultaneously with the start signal on terminal d, while the U 45 circuit opens to 5 seconds, allowing divider 31 to give a signal O to logic level 1. Output of divider 31 reaches 50 pulses from generator 40 while the cone 16 completely separated from the mandrel of the tool 11, while detecting arithmetic unit 32 detects the residue value 50 and generates a switching signal. The unit 34 is turned on and produces a speed signal at the output, for example 2.5 m / min, for which the speed of the engine 8 decreases and the mechanism 7 rises at a predetermined speed. After the screw 9 makes ten revolutions, the rod 19 is activated, which turns the head 12 at a lower speed to change the tool. When the mechanism 7 is fully raised to the upper limit, the divider 31 boosts the signal O, and the block 33 detects such a signal, cuts off the speed switching unit 34, which stops the engine 8, the block 30 detects the position of the mechanism 7 either due to the hundredth pulse from the generator 40, or block 33 and sends a reverse rotation signal to block 35 from terminal c, and a signal of speed of 4.2 m / min is supplied to block 34 from terminal f of block 30, while no signal appears on terminals a, b and d of block 30 terminal e has a logic element O, Divider 31 does not work, When a signal is issued From block 34, the motor 8 rotates in the opposite direction and lowers the mechanism 7. In this case, the cone 16 is aligned with the tool holder 1 1.
When the tool engages the cone, the mechanism 7 reaches the initial position and the block 41 outputs a logical signal I, which is detected by the block 42, changing the state of the multivibrator 43 to the opposite. The output signal 1 turns off the block 34, the output of which is interrupted, thereby stopping the engine 8, the tool change cycle is terminated.
Next, block 30 generates signals at the terminals from df to start lowering mechanism 7, Generator 41 changes the output signal from 1 to O, block 42 detects this transition and changes the state of multivibrator 43 to reverse, while engine 18 is started. processing. After performing a predetermined operation, the control signal of the block 30 stops the engine 8
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and then reverses its rotation, raising mechanism 7. When the mechanism 7 reaches its initial position, the generator 41 changes the output
5 signal from O to 1. Block 42 sends a pulse with the return of the multivibrator 43 to the output signal from O to 1. The output signal of the multivibrator turns on the switch block 34, After 10 the engine 8 stops. The next cycle is the same as described. The elements of the scheme can vary without changing the essence of the operation of the control scheme,.
f5

权利要求:
Claims (1)
[1]
Invention Formula
A device for controlling an automatic tool change of a vertical machining center, comprising a spindle assembly mounted for vertical movement from the drive, a turret with a drive mounted with
25 rotatably and vertically displaced on the spindle assembly, a spindle assembly position sensor controlling the speed of the spindle assembly through a speed control circuit whose output is connected to the input of the spindle assembly drive, the spindle assembly position sensor being in the form of a pulse sensor installed at the output
drive spindle assembly, characterized in that, in order to improve the positioning accuracy of the turret, the device is equipped with a digital control unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the pulse sensor, a frequency divider with four inputs serially connected by an algebraic summation unit, a speed reference unit, a direction unit rotation of the spindle unit and the adder, the output of which is connected to the circuit controlling the speed of the drive of the spindle unit, tachogenerator,
mounted on the spindle unit drive and connected by an output to the input of the adder, connected in series by a zero-position pulse generator, installed
on the spindle drive, a detector, a multivibrator with two outputs, a single pulse generator and an OR Element, the output of which is connected to the input of the speed setting unit, while one of the outputs of the multivibrator is connected to the input of the frequency divider via the OR element, to the second input of which one of the outputs of the digital control unit, a detection unit zero, connected between the frequency divider and the OR element, and
The input of the frequency divider is connected to the output of the p-laying sensor of the spindle assembly, and the outputs of the digital control unit are connected cootHeTCTseH- but to the inputs of the algebraic summation unit, the speed reference unit and the rotational direction unit of the spindle assembly.
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Editor E, Papp
Compiled by, Zhiganov
Tehred I.PopovichKorrektor I, Muska
Order 7826/60 Circulation 809. Subscription
VNIIPI USSR State Committee
for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5
Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

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引用文献:

公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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US5326114A|1992-04-08|1994-07-05|Cincinnati Milacron, Inc.|Quickly interchangeable chuck with mechanical power assist clamping capabilities|

US5749885A|1995-10-02|1998-05-12|Smith & Nephew, Inc.|Surgical instrument with embedded coding element|

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法律状态:

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

JP53126373A|JPS5820741B2|1978-10-14|1978-10-14|

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